What are bloodborne pathogens?

Bloodborne pathogens are microorganisms, specifically viruses or bacteria, that can be transmitted through blood or other body fluids such as saliva, semen, and vaginal secretions. This classification includes pathogens such as HIV, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C. Understanding that bloodborne pathogens are mainly associated with blood and certain fluids is essential for preventing their transmission, especially in healthcare settings where exposure risk is heightened.

In this context, the other options represent different types of pathogens or transmission methods that do not relate to bloodborne pathogens. For instance, viruses found only in the air do not include those transmitted through blood, while infections spread through respiratory droplets involve pathogens that are primarily inhaled rather than encountered via blood exposure. Similarly, pathogens that affect only animals are not classified as bloodborne pathogens affecting human health directly. Thus, the focus remains on those pathogens that are specifically transmitted via blood and body fluids, highlighting option B as the accurate description.